Subliminal Health Fitness Diet Solution 5 – Video
Posted: February 15, 2012 at 4:50 am
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Subliminal Health Fitness Diet Solution 5 - Video
Subliminal Health Fitness Diet Solution 9 – Video
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How to Boost PC Game Performance for Free – Video
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Minnesota's per capita personal income compared to its neighbors
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How is Minnesota doing compared to other states? Are we falling behind? Staying ahead? People ask these questions whenever I give a public talk. Those questions lie behind much of the policy discussion going on in St. Paul about the governor's job plan, right-to-work laws and tax policy.
Over the next few weeks, I'll take you on a guided tour of some data that sheds light on how well Minnesota is doing relative to other states and what these data imply about public policy. This week, I'll focus on one measure: per capita personal income. The take away: As Garrison Keillor says, we're above average, but it hasn't always been that way.
Minnesota in the long run
Per capita personal income equals the total amount of income earned by residents of a state divided by that state's population. (The complete definition is available here. In 2010, per capita income in Minnesota reached $42,847, while the national average hovered at $39,945 in 2010.
Per capita income is not in and of itself a measure of well-being. However, when adjusted properly for changes in prices, per capita income does tend to be positively associated with many things people value, including a high material standard of living, better health and life expectancies, and better education. These are the data I use in the figures below.
The figure below shows the raw data on Minnesota's per capita income relative to the national average. Notice the U-shaped pattern: Minnesota started out at the national average, fell below it, and then steadily climbed above the average.
Source: 1880-1920: Richard A. Easterlin, "Interregional Differences in Per Capita Income, Population, and Total Income, 1840-1950." [PDF] National Bureau of Economic Research, 1960; 1929 to present: Bureau of Economic Analysis
The line is smooth from 1880 to 1920 because we do not have annual data before 1929. Our best estimates are that Minnesota was at the national average in 1880, was slightly above in 1900, then fell to about 85 percent of the national average in 1920. Annual data begin in 1929 and confirm Minnesota's position.
Terry Fitzgerald, an economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, first presented the data for 1929 onward in a 2003 article which tells an important story: Starting at 85 percent of the national average, Minnesota reached parity in the 1960s and has been above average since the 1970s.
How did Minnesota become above average? We'll explore this question over the coming weeks, but here's the short version: High rates of labor force participation (especially by women), investments in human capital (such as education and health care), and investments in physical capital (both by private funders and public agencies) contributed to Minnesota's strong economic performance.
Minnesota and its neighbors
We often hear of how Minnesota must compete with its neighbors for businesses and jobs. We ultimately care about these things because they help determine our citizens' standard of living. So, how does Minnesota stack up against our neighbors, namely Wisconsin, Iowa, South Dakota and North Dakota?
Let's start by smoothing the data so that we can see the long-run trend. (For those who are interested: I applied a Hodrick-Prescott filter just as Fitzgerald did in his work.) Here is what we get for Minnesota:
Now, let's compare this with Wisconsin over the same period:
Minnesota's per capita income exceeded Wisconsin's starting in the 1960s. Not only that, but Wisconsin fell relative to the national average at the same time as Minnesota rose. Comparing Minnesota and Iowa tells a similar story:
Average income in Minnesota exceeded Iowa's in the early 1960s and never looked back.
How about the Dakotas? We hear quite often how well they are doing, so let's take a look. Here is South Dakota versus Minnesota:
South Dakota certainly grew steadily over the past 25 years, but its average income still hasn't reached the national average. Further, the high points in the late 1940s, the mid-1970s and the late 2000s all correspond to periods of high prices for agricultural commodities, pointing to a potential weakness in South Dakota's economy.
The situation is even starker when we compare Minnesota and North Dakota:
North Dakota exhibits the same patterns as South Dakota; they are exaggerated by the importance of oil and gas extraction in North Dakota and thus make their economy even more subject to booms and busts.
What about some other states?
Two states to which Minnesota is often compared are Indiana and Texas. Indiana, for example, recently passed a right-to-work law and this will no doubt be cited in our Legislature's debates on this issue. Texas is known as a low-tax, small government state that its governor, Rick Perry, cited as an example that the rest of the nation could follow.
Here is Minnesota versus Indiana:
Indiana went in exactly the opposite direction of Minnesota since World War II, with per capita income about 85 percent of the national average.
How about Texas versus Minnesota?
The Lone Star State shows a pattern similar to the Dakotas, with booms and busts in oil and farm prices driving per capita incomes. And, despite low taxes and little regulation, Texas still hasn't reached the national average in per capita income.
Implications for policy
These data are only the first pieces of a larger puzzle we must assemble in order to think about economic policy in Minnesota. However, they paint a very clear picture. First, Minnesota did well since World War II both in absolute terms and relative to our neighbors. Second, Minnesota performed better than states such as Indiana and Texas that are held up as examples of low taxes and minimal government.
Obviously, the past doesn't predict the future. It could be that the factors that made Minnesota above average no longer apply in the early 21st century. But before we enact radical reforms to improve our competitiveness, let's spend some time ensuring that we have the record straight. We'll keep assembling that record in the coming weeks.
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Minnesota's per capita personal income compared to its neighbors
The Little Black Book of Fitness Business Success Now Available in Paperback
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The bestselling “The Little Black Book of Fitness Business Success” is available in paperback
Elizabethtown, KY (PRWEB) February 14, 2012
The Little Black Book of Fitness Business Success, an Amazon Bestseller, is now available in a paperback edition. The book, written by Pat Rigsby, offers tools and strategies to make personal training businesses successful.
Released in May of 2011, The Little Black Book of Fitness Business Success climbed the bestseller lists on Amazon, peaking as the number 1 bestselling book in “Small Business” and number 3 in “Business and Investing.” It reached number 36 for books of all kinds.
In addition to the Kindle edition which was recently released, the book is available on Amazon.com in paperback.
The author of the book, Pat Rigsby, is an expert on growing small fitness businesses. “I wrote this book with the hope of teaching personal trainers how to position themselves in the market,” Rigsby said. “Many have the fitness knowledge, but need to learn how to market their services.”
Rigsby is the co-owner (along with Nick Berry, a contributor to the book) of Fitness Consulting Group, a leading fitness business development group. He is co-owner of several fitness businesses in the FCG family of companies, including two of the fastest growing fitness franchises: Athletic Revolution and Fitness Revolution.
Despite his own personal success in the fitness industry, Rigsby is eager to share tips with others. Through his Fit Business Insider website (FitBusinessInsider.com), he shares tips and provides information on how to build fitness businesses, as through [personal trainer marketing.
The Little Black Book of Fitness Business Success presents personal trainers with ways to improve every aspect of their business: from tapping high return areas to taking advantage of preexisting assets.
Those interested in learning how to grow their fitness business can purchase the book now in paperback or Kindle versions from Amazon. It is available in paperback here.
About Pat Rigsby: Pat Rigsby is the co-owner of Fitness Consulting Group, a leading business development consulting firm within the fitness industry. He is also the co-owner of the Fitness Revolution and Athletic Revolution franchises, co-founder of the International Youth Conditioning Organization (http://iyca.org), and co-owner of Fit Business Insider.
Fit Business Insider provides personal trainers, coaches, and fitness business owners around the world with business building programs, coaching, consulting, and resources.
To learn more about growing your fitness business, visit fitbusinessinsider.com.
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The Best in approved Online Training! – Video
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OGA Rules of Golf Online Education – Lesson One – Video
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Thesys International Celebrates Innovation With Interactive Campaign
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ANAHEIM, CA--(Marketwire -02/14/12)- Thesys International, a new education technology business that supports schools with a hybrid online/classroom approach to education, is celebrating innovation with an open dialogue via Twitter, Facebook and its blog (http://blog.thesysintl.com), inviting readers to submit and rate their favorite innovations as well as providing its own ratings on today's most innovative ideas and concepts.
Innovation is part of the core mission at Thesys, and the company is hoping to draw more attention to creative ideas and spark some valuable discussion about how innovation can transform American education. The tweets, posts and blogs in Thesys' innovation campaign are intended to inspire educators and administrators alike to embrace the benefits of new ideas.
"We're celebrating innovation of any type, in any field, and encouraging participants to rate them and think creatively about how those innovations could apply to education," says Alan Rudi, Principal Solutions Strategist at Thesys International. "The best solutions to any challenge can come from anywhere -- especially when we share ideas and work together. Our hope is that we can gather those who are passionate about improving education, bounce ideas off one another and create some exciting possibilities for the future of American education."
Thesys' early blog posts will explore educational applications of interactive digital books, delve into the genesis of "Eureka!" moments and the process of innovation, and introduce a rating system designed to showcase innovations throughout history and how they can be reimagined to apply to the field of education.
Thesys International launched in 2009 as a division of Fairmont Education Group, Southern California's leading educational provider. The company designs and implements hybrid education programs to enhance high-school classrooms while supporting schools and empowering teachers. Thesys builds partnerships with schools to implement eLearning programs quickly and effectively, allowing administrators to drive the end product. Arming teachers with the necessary tools to make learning environments relevant and inspiring is a crucial step in Thesys' ability to enhance student outcomes. For more information about the turnkey solutions Thesys provides, visit http://www.thesysintl.com.
About Thesys International LLC: Launched in 2010, Thesys International, LLC, is an educational service provider that supports schools with a hybrid online/classroom approach to education. As a division of the Fairmont Education Group, Thesys represents the culmination of thought, curricular innovation and evolution of the classroom Fairmont has supported since 1953. Thesys works alongside educators and provides a curriculum that works with schools' existing standards and protocols to help students reach their full potential. Thesys International is dedicated to providing high school students the optimal balance of online and in-person learning, making education more relevant for a new generation. For more information about Thesys' turn-key systems and its innovative hybrid education approach, visit http://www.thesysintl.com, call 714-234-2727 or email arudi@thesysintl.com.
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Appreciation – A Life Coach Antony Birks Video Affirmation – Life Coaching – Video
Posted: February 14, 2012 at 11:10 pm
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Life Coach Amy Kleine shares about the benefits of Life Coaching in Career Planning – Video
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Life Coach Amy Kleine shares about the benefits of Life Coaching in Career Planning - Video