Contemporary Examples

But the Buddha condemned both extreme luxury and extreme poverty as obstacles to enlightenment.

After all, beauty contests are not widely regarded as templates of enlightenment.

Notwithstanding his own loftier goals, it is questionable whether mescaline and LSD gave Huxley the enlightenment he craved.

We must write to discover such charm, as they are the root of entertainment and enlightenment.

You attribute a part of the decline of violence to the forces of modernity and enlightenment.

Historical Examples

He pondered the situation deeply; he evolved many foolish schemes to compass his own enlightenment, and dismissed them one by one.

Such was Omai, a dark-minded savage, amidst civilisation and enlightenment.

"I notice that you and our friends have been busy hereabouts in our absence," he added, hinting at an enlightenment.

Great was his anxiety, and fervent were his prayers for enlightenment.

The force of circumstances; the enlightenment of the age has compelled them to move forward.

British Dictionary definitions for enlightenment Expand

the act or means of enlightening or the state of being enlightened

(Buddhism) the awakening to ultimate truth by which man is freed from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations to which all men are otherwise subject

(Hinduism) a state of transcendent divine experience represented by Vishnu: regarded as a goal of all religion

the Enlightenment, an 18th-century philosophical movement stressing the importance of reason and the critical reappraisal of existing ideas and social institutions

wisdom or understanding considered as the goal of Buddhist contemplation

Word Origin

from Sanskrit praj, from prajnti he knows

Word Origin and History for enlightenment Expand

1660s, "action of enlightening," from enlighten + -ment. Used only in figurative sense, of spiritual enlightenment, etc. Attested from 1865 as a translation of German Aufklrung, a name for the spirit and system of Continental philosophers in the 18c.

enlightenment in Culture Expand

An intellectual movement of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries marked by a celebration of the powers of human reason, a keen interest in science, the promotion of religious toleration, and a desire to construct governments free of tyranny. Some of the major figures of the Enlightenment were David Hume, Immanuel Kant, John Locke, the Baron de Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Voltaire.

Continue reading here:
Enlightenment | Define Enlightenment at Dictionary.com

The good news is that we're living longer. The bad news is we have to pay for it. That means saving more in a 401(k) or similar employee-provided retirement savings accounts, like a 403(b). Or, it means saving in Individual Retirement Accounts or Roth I.R.A.s. Later on, it may mean buying an annuity. Our collection of articles can help you get started.

Even though a law meant to protect older workers has existed since 1967, proving discrimination has since been made tougher.

By ELIZABETH OLSON

Theres about a month left till the filing deadline. Here are a few things you might do to hang onto more of your cash.

A Citigroup report on 20 nations said pension obligations, much of them unfunded, amounted to nearly twice the countries total national debt.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

Honest Dollar is part of a group of investment companies vying for small-business employees who do not have access to traditional employer-sponsored savings plans.

When a child leaves the nest, tantalizing vistas of opportunity can open up. One option is a long-term rental of your home that can pay for your travels.

By DEBORAH L. JACOBS

The job of paying pensions is given to an insurance firm in a strategy called pension buyout.

By CONRAD DE AENLLE

The danger for investors in retirement is a punishing stock market downturn that reduces not only their income stream but also their total wealth.

Longer lives, rising costs and the limits of Medicare coverage have increased the amount people must save to pay for health care in retirement.

By CONSTANCE GUSTKE

There are ways to minimize the tax bite after decades of putting money into retirement accounts like I.R.A.s and 401(k)s.

By TARA SIEGEL BERNARD

In a rare victory, about 1,350 retirees will be paid in full for pensions that were cut when the Renco subsidiary they worked for went bankrupt in 2012.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

The Artist Pension Trust, a retirement plan for artists, pools together their work, diversifying risk. While one artist may fall out of favor with collectors, anothers art may appreciate in value.

By BRADEN PHILLIPS

With families often living far apart, bringing everyone together for vacations is more common. But plan carefully to avoid conflicts.

By FRAN HAWTHORNE

Continuing care offers retirees independent living with assistance when needed, but prospective residents need to evaluate communities carefully.

By JOHN F. WASIK

The group was said to have agreed to pay $2.8 billion for the company that operates the airport, which is close to the center of London.

By CHAD BRAY

A plan from the Treasury Department to ease Puerto Ricos debt crisis would put pension payments ahead of payments to bondholders, which may rattle the muni market.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

Ideas drawn from psychology are helping Americans make better economic choices, but they fail to address problems in areas like retirement savings.

By EDUARDO PORTER

Questionnaires and other quick ways to determine risk tolerance should not replace a thoughtful assessment of your investment goals.

By CARL RICHARDS

Caution should be the first rule, experts advise, followed by piecing together the financial picture.

By KERRY HANNON

A former chief economist argues that a 100 percent allocation to stocks despite ones age makes sense, though it has long been viewed as risky.

By DAVID A. LEVINE

Ray Dalio, the founder, said Bridgewater Associates was continually assessing the responsibilities of executives including Greg Jensen, the co-C.E.O.

By ALEXANDRA STEVENSON

Even though a law meant to protect older workers has existed since 1967, proving discrimination has since been made tougher.

By ELIZABETH OLSON

Theres about a month left till the filing deadline. Here are a few things you might do to hang onto more of your cash.

A Citigroup report on 20 nations said pension obligations, much of them unfunded, amounted to nearly twice the countries total national debt.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

Honest Dollar is part of a group of investment companies vying for small-business employees who do not have access to traditional employer-sponsored savings plans.

When a child leaves the nest, tantalizing vistas of opportunity can open up. One option is a long-term rental of your home that can pay for your travels.

By DEBORAH L. JACOBS

The job of paying pensions is given to an insurance firm in a strategy called pension buyout.

By CONRAD DE AENLLE

The danger for investors in retirement is a punishing stock market downturn that reduces not only their income stream but also their total wealth.

Longer lives, rising costs and the limits of Medicare coverage have increased the amount people must save to pay for health care in retirement.

By CONSTANCE GUSTKE

There are ways to minimize the tax bite after decades of putting money into retirement accounts like I.R.A.s and 401(k)s.

By TARA SIEGEL BERNARD

In a rare victory, about 1,350 retirees will be paid in full for pensions that were cut when the Renco subsidiary they worked for went bankrupt in 2012.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

The Artist Pension Trust, a retirement plan for artists, pools together their work, diversifying risk. While one artist may fall out of favor with collectors, anothers art may appreciate in value.

By BRADEN PHILLIPS

With families often living far apart, bringing everyone together for vacations is more common. But plan carefully to avoid conflicts.

By FRAN HAWTHORNE

Continuing care offers retirees independent living with assistance when needed, but prospective residents need to evaluate communities carefully.

By JOHN F. WASIK

The group was said to have agreed to pay $2.8 billion for the company that operates the airport, which is close to the center of London.

By CHAD BRAY

A plan from the Treasury Department to ease Puerto Ricos debt crisis would put pension payments ahead of payments to bondholders, which may rattle the muni market.

By MARY WILLIAMS WALSH

Ideas drawn from psychology are helping Americans make better economic choices, but they fail to address problems in areas like retirement savings.

By EDUARDO PORTER

Questionnaires and other quick ways to determine risk tolerance should not replace a thoughtful assessment of your investment goals.

By CARL RICHARDS

Caution should be the first rule, experts advise, followed by piecing together the financial picture.

By KERRY HANNON

A former chief economist argues that a 100 percent allocation to stocks despite ones age makes sense, though it has long been viewed as risky.

By DAVID A. LEVINE

Ray Dalio, the founder, said Bridgewater Associates was continually assessing the responsibilities of executives including Greg Jensen, the co-C.E.O.

By ALEXANDRA STEVENSON

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Retirement - The New York Times

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Crystal River Village, in Crystal River, Florida, is a perfect blend of location, home selection, services, amenities, price, climate, activities and friendly neighbors. Crystal River Village is a gated 55+ active retirement community offering the total environment needed to make each day of your retirement years truly enjoyable.

Rarely will you find a community so conveniently located. Our magnificent 7,500 square foot waterfront clubhouse as the center of activities featured in our residents' monthly newsletter. This impressive structure contains a huge central dance/theater area (ideal for Bingo, holiday parties, etc.) surrounded by separate library, exercise equipment, art, craft, woodworking, hobby, card, table tennis and billiard rooms. A complete, modern serving kitchen for hosting potluck and holiday events, and laundry facilities are also included for residents' use.

Just outside the clubhouse is Lake Evelyn, one of two lakes within Crystal River Village, well stocked with fish and containing many trophy size bass waiting to test your skill. To add variety to your activities we also offer a heated swimming pool with water aerobics classes, screened lanai, lighted shuffleboard courts, horseshoe pits, lawn croquet, and many other activities organized by the Crystal River Village Home Owner's Association.

Speaking of sports, how about joining our golf league for a round of golf at the beautiful 18-hole public course, at the Plantation Inn and Country Club, just across U.S. 19 a half mile from your door, or a couple of sets of tennis at the public courts just down the street from our entrance. Florida's best fresh & salt water fishing is only minutes away and Gulf of Mexico beaches are just 7 miles from the community.

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Crystal River Village | Active Retirement in Crystal River ...

Here at The Villages of Citrus Hills, FL we believe your Florida Retirement experience is about enjoying pastimes and pleasures like never before. That's the vision at the very foundation of The Villages of Citrus Hills. They are Florida Retirement Communities that have been specially designed for those demanding something special from their Florida retirement and Active Adult Lifestyles.

The Villages, Florida of Citrus Hills Florida offers you the Florida retirement experience that begins with these truly unique Gulf Coast Communities located in Citrus County, Florida just north of Tampa Bay. Affectionately known as the "Nature Coast" this picturesque area lives up to its description by delivering a locale of unspoiled natural beauty graced with the famous spring fed rivers of Crystal River, FL and surroundings distinctively highlighted by lush rolling hills, sparkling lakes and nature preserves.

Few Florida Retirement destinations provide a more ideal backdrop for boating, trophy fishing, year around outdoor recreation and endless Florida Retirement recreation opportunities as The Villages of Citrus Hills. A point further enhanced by easy access to Orlando, FL and Tampa and the nearby Florida Retirement city of Ocala, Florida.

But what makes the promise of Florida Retirement in The Villages of Citrus Hills truly come together for todays new breed of active adult retiree is its extraordinary collection of world-class community country club amenities and extensive social activities.

Find fun-filled Florida Retirement living in The Villages of Citrus Hills, whether your interests run to:

Finally The Villages of Citrus Hills is a Florida Retirement Community with single family homes and maintenance free villas that have been built with todays demanding baby-boomer in mind.

Impeccably manicured, The Villages of Citrus Hills Florida has distinctive collections of fully customizable homes featuring a variety of prices and designs to accommodate everything from seasonal Florida snowbird retreats to luxury executive level Florida Retirement Living.

Living Florida Retirement to the fullest. Its much more than an idle promise at Floridas Citrus Hills.

We now invite you to spend a few moments more exploring our website. Youll experience a new idea in perfecting your idea of quality Florida Retirement Living at The Villages, Florida of Citrus Hills.

Read more from the original source:
The Villages, FL | Terra Vista & Citrus Hills/FL Retirement ...

An investment fund is a way of investing money alongside other investors in order to benefit from the inherent advantages of working as part of a group. These advantages include an ability to:

Terminology varies with country but investment funds are often referred to as investment pools, collective investment vehicles, collective investment schemes, managed funds, or simply funds. The regulatory term is undertaking for collective investment in transferable securities, or short collective investment undertaking (cf. Law ). An investment fund may be held by the public, such as a mutual fund, exchange-traded fund, or closed-end fund,[1] or it may be sold only in a private placement, such as a hedge fund or private equity fund.[2] The term also includes specialized vehicles such as collective and common trust funds, which are unique bank-managed funds structured primarily to commingle assets from qualifying pension plans or trusts.[3]

Investment funds are promoted with a wide range of investment aims either targeting specific geographic regions (e.g., emerging markets or Europe) or specified industry sectors (e.g., technology). Depending on the country there is normally a bias towards the domestic market due to familiarity, and the lack of currency risk. Funds are often selected on the basis of these specified investment aims, their past investment performance, and other factors such as fees.

The term "collective investment scheme" is a legal concept deriving initially from a set of European Union Directives to regulate mutual fund investment and management. The Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Directives 85/611/EEC, as amended by 2001/107/EC and 2001/108/EC (typically known as UCITS for short) created an EU wide structure, so that funds fulfilling its basic regulations could be marketed in any member state. The basic aim of collective investment scheme regulation is that the financial "products" that are sold to the public are sufficiently transparent, with full disclosure about the nature of the terms.[4]

In the United Kingdom, the primary statute is the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, where Part XVII, sections 235 to 284 deal with the requirements for a collective investment scheme to operate. It states in section 235 that a collective investment scheme means "any arrangements with respect to property of any description, including money, the purpose or effect of which is to enable persons taking part in the arrangements (whether by becoming owners of the property or any part of it or otherwise) to participate in or receive profits or income arising from the acquisition, holding, management or disposal of the property or sums paid out of such profits or income."

Collective investment vehicles may be formed under company law, by legal trust or by statute. The nature of the vehicle and its limitations are often linked to its constitutional nature and the associated tax rules for the type of structure within a given jurisdiction.

Typically there is:

Please see below for general information on specific forms of vehicles in different jurisdictions.

The net asset value or NAV is the value of a vehicle's assets minus the value of its liabilities. The method for calculating this varies between vehicle types and jurisdiction and can be subject to complex regulation.[citation needed]

An open-end fund is equitably divided into shares which vary in price in direct proportion to the variation in value of the fund's net asset value. Each time money is invested, new shares or units are created to match the prevailing share price; each time shares are redeemed, the assets sold match the prevailing share price. In this way there is no supply or demand created for shares and they remain a direct reflection of the underlying assets.

A closed-end fund issues a limited number of shares (or units) in an initial public offering (or IPO) or through private placement. If shares are issued through an IPO,[citation needed] they are then traded on an exchange or directly through the fund manager to create a secondary market subject to market forces. If demand for the shares is high, they may trade at a premium to net asset value. If demand is low they may trade at a discount to net asset value. Further share (or unit) offerings may be made by the vehicle if demand is high although this may affect the share price.

For listed funds, the added element of market forces tends to amplify the performance of the fund increasing investment risk through increased volatility.

Some collective investment vehicles have the power to borrow money to make further investments; a process known as gearing or leverage. If markets are growing rapidly this can allow the vehicle to take advantage of the growth to a greater extent than if only the subscribed contributions were invested. However this premise only works if the cost of the borrowing is less than the increased growth achieved. If the borrowing costs are more than the growth achieved a net loss is achieved.

This can greatly increase the investment risk of the fund by increased volatility and exposure to increased capital risk.

Gearing was a major contributory factor in the collapse of the split capital investment trust debacle in the UK in 2002.[5][6][7]

Collective investment vehicles vary in availability depending on their intended investor base:

Some vehicles are designed to have a limited term with enforced redemption of shares or units on a specified date.

Many collective investment vehicles split the fund into multiple classes of shares or units. The underlying assets of each class are effectively pooled for the purposes of investment management, but classes typically differ in the fees and expenses paid out of the fund's assets.

These differences are supposed to reflect different costs involved in servicing investors in various classes; for example:

In some cases, by aggregating regular investments by many individuals, a retirement plan (such as a 401(k) plan) may qualify to purchase "institutional" shares (and gain the benefit of their typically lower expense ratios) even though no members of the plan would qualify individually. These also include Unit Trusts.

One of the main advantages of collective investment is the reduction in investment risk (capital risk) by diversification. An investment in a single equity may do well, but it may collapse for investment or other reasons (e.g., Marconi). If your money is invested in such a failed holding you could lose your capital. By investing in a range of equities (or other securities) the capital risk is reduced.

This investment principle is often referred to as spreading risk.

Collective investments by their nature tend to invest in a range of individual securities. However, if the securities are all in a similar type of asset class or market sector then there is a systematic risk that all the shares could be affected by adverse market changes. To avoid this systematic risk investment managers may diversify into different non-perfectly-correlated asset classes. For example, investors might hold their assets in equal parts in equities and fixed income securities.

If one investor had to buy a large number of direct investments, the amount this person would be able to invest in each holding is likely to be small. Dealing costs are normally based on the number and size of each transaction, therefore the overall dealing costs would take a large chunk out of the capital (affecting future profits).

The fund manager managing the investment decisions on behalf of the investors will of course expect remuneration. This is often taken directly from the fund assets as a fixed percentage each year or sometimes a variable (performance based) fee. If the investor managed their own investments, this cost would be avoided.

Often the cost of advice given by a stockbroker or financial adviser is built into the vehicle. Often referred to as commission or load (in the U.S.) this charge may be applied at the start of the plan or as an ongoing percentage of the fund value each year. While this cost will diminish your returns it could be argued that it reflects a separate payment for an advice service rather than a detrimental feature of collective investment vehicles. Indeed it is often possible to purchase units or shares directly from the providers without bearing this cost.

Although the investor can choose the type of fund to invest in, they have no control over the choice of individual holdings that make up the fund.

If the investor holds shares directly, he has the right to attend the company's annual general meeting and vote on important matters. Investors in a collective investment vehicle often have none of the rights connected with individual investments within the fund.

Each fund has a defined investment goal to describe the remit of the investment manager and to help investors decide if the fund is right for them. The investment aims will typically fall into the broad categories of Income (value) investment or Growth investment. Income or value based investment tends to select stocks with strong income streams, often more established businesses. Growth investment selects stocks that tend to reinvest their income to generate growth. Each strategy has its critics and proponents; some prefer a blend approach using aspects of each.

Funds are often distinguished by asset-based categories such as equity, bonds, property, etc. Also, perhaps most commonly funds are divided by their geographic markets or themes.

Examples

In most instances whatever the investment aim the fund manager will select an appropriate index or combination of indices to measure its performance against; e.g. FTSE 100. This becomes the benchmark to measure success or failure against.

The aim of most funds is to make money by investing in assets to obtain a real return (i.e. better than inflation). The philosophy used to manage the fund's investment vary and two opposing views exist.

Active managementActive managers seek to outperform the market as a whole, by selectively holding securities according to an investment strategy. Therefore they employ dynamic portfolio strategies, buying and selling investments with changing market conditions, based on their belief that particular individual holdings or sections of the market will perform better than others.

Passive managementPassive managers stick to a portfolio strategy determined at outset of the fund and not varied thereafter, aiming to minimize the ongoing costs of maintaining the portfolio. Many passive funds are index funds, which attempt to replicate the performance of a market index by holding securities proportionally to their value in the market as a whole. Another example of passive management is the "buy and hold" method used by many traditional unit investment trusts where the portfolio is fixed from outset.

Additionally, some funds use a hybrid management strategy of enhanced indexing, in which the manager minimizes costs by broadly following a passive indexing strategy, but has the discretion to actively deviate from the index in the hopes of earning modestly higher returns.

An example of active management success

When analysing investment performance, statistical measures are often used to compare 'funds'. These statistical measures are often reduced to a single figure representing an aspect of past performance:

Depending on the nature of the investment, the type of 'investment' risk will vary.

A common concern with any investment is that you may lose the money you investyour capital. This risk is therefore often referred to as capital risk.

If the assets you invest in are held in another currency there is a risk that currency movements alone may affect the value. This is referred to as currency risk.

Many forms of investment may not be readily salable on the open market (e.g. commercial property) or the market has a small capacity and investments may take time to sell. Assets that are easily sold are termed liquid therefore this type of risk is termed liquidity risk.

For an open-end fund, there may be an initial charge levied on the purchase of units or shares this covers dealing costs, and commissions paid to intermediaries or salespeople. Typically this fee is a percentage of the investment. Some vehicles waive the initial charge and apply an exit charge instead. This may be gradually disappearing after a number of years. Closed-end funds traded on an exchange are subject to brokerage commissions, in the same manner as a stock trade.

The vehicle will charge an annual management charge or AMC to cover the cost of administering the vehicle and remunerating the investment manager. This may be a flat rate based on the value of the assets or a performance related fee based on a predefined target being achieved.

Different unit/share classes may have different combinations of fees/charges.

Open-ended vehicles are either dual priced or single priced.

Dual priced vehicles have a buying (offer) price and selling or (bid) price. The buying price is higher than the selling price, this difference is known as the spread or bid-offer spread. The difference is typically 5% and may be varied by the vehicle's manager to reflect changes in the market; the amount of variation may be limited by the vehicles rules or regulatory rules. The difference between the buying and selling price includes initial charge for entering the fund.

The internal workings of a fund are more complicated than this description suggests. The manager sets a price for creation of units/shares and for cancellation. There is a differential between the cancellation and bid prices, and the creation and offer prices. The additional units are created are place in the managers box for future purchasers. When heavy selling occurs units are liquidated from the managers box to protect the existing investors from the increased dealing costs. Adjusting the bid/offer prices closer to the cancellation/creation prices allows the manager to protect the interest of the existing investors in changing market conditions. Most unit trusts are dual priced.

Single priced vehicles notionally have a single price for units/shares and this price is the same if buying or selling. As single prices vehicle can't adjust the difference between the buying and selling price to allow for market conditions another mechanism the dilution levy exists. SICAVs, OEICs and U.S. mutual funds are single priced.

A dilution levy can be charged at the discretion of the fund manager, to offset the cost of market transactions resulting from large un-matched buy or sell orders. For example if the volume of purchases outweigh the volume of sales in a particular trading period the fund manager will have to go to the market to buy more of the assets underlying the fund, incurring a brokerage fee in the process and having an adverse effect on the fund as a whole ("diluting" the fund). The same is the case with large sell orders. A dilution levy is therefore applied where appropriate and paid for by the investor in order that large single transactions do not reduce the value of the fund as a whole.

(Click here for US SEC description of investment company types).

Both funds are run by Investment Company (KUA - kompania z upravlinnya actyvami).Funds and companies regulated and supervised by DKTsPFR (Securities and stock market state commission)

We could say that a mutual fund is a pool of money which belongs to many investors. Otherwise a M/F is the common cashier of many investors who trust a third party to operate and manage their wealth. Moreover they order this third party which in Greece is called A.E.D.A.K. (Mutual Fund Management Company S.A.) to spread their money in many different investment products such as shares, bonds, deposits, repo etc. Those companies in Greece may provide services according to article 4 of Law 3283/2004. People who own units (shares) of a mutual fund are called unitholders. In Greece co-unitholders, which are persons participating in the same units of M/F have exactly the same rights as the unitholder (according to the Law for the deposits in common account 5638/1932). The unitholders have to sign and accept the document which describes the purpose of the Mutual Fund, how it operates, and anything concerning the Fund. This document is the regulation of the M/F. The property of each M/F by law have to be under the control of a bank legally operating in Greece (Greek or foreign). The bank is the custodian of the M/F and except of the custody of the fund also controls the lawfulness of all movements of the management company. The Supervisory and Regulatory Body of M.F. Management Companies and Portfolio Investment Companies is the Greek Capital Market Commission. It comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of National Economy and controls the operation of all M/Fs available in Greece. All investors have to be very careful and about the risk they undertake. They have to have in mind that all investments have a certain degree of risk. Riskfree investments does not exist. You can find more about Greek Mutual Funds in the site of the Association of Greek Institutional Investors[8] or the site of Greek (Hellenic) Capital Market Commission.[9]

Read more:
Investment fund - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Principal Translations investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (devoting money) inversin nfnombre femenino: Sustantivo de gnero exclusivamente femenino ("mesa", "tabla"). Peter was into investment, and didn't like leaving his money to sit in the bank. investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (devoting time, energy) inversin nfnombre femenino: Sustantivo de gnero exclusivamente femenino ("mesa", "tabla"). Getting the job required the investment of time that Alan didn't have. investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (money devoted) inversin nfnombre femenino: Sustantivo de gnero exclusivamente femenino ("mesa", "tabla"). Gary made a large investment in the paper industry. investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (time, energy devoted) inversin nfnombre femenino: Sustantivo de gnero exclusivamente femenino ("mesa", "tabla"). Dan made a big investment in his future by taking this job. Additional Translations investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (getting authority) investidura nfnombre femenino: Sustantivo de gnero exclusivamente femenino ("mesa", "tabla"). The politician attended his investment ceremony last night. Compound Forms: be a good investment ser una buena inversin loc verblocucin verbal: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como verbo ("sacar fuerzas de flaqueza", "acusar recibo"). capital investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. inversin de capital grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). capital investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. inversin en capital grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). foreign investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (finance: between two or more nations) inversin exterior nf + adj inv inversin extranjera nf + adj Investment Advisor nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (financial manager) asesor de inversiones grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). I pay an investment advisor 1.5% of my assets annually to give me investment recommendations. asesor en inversiones grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment bank banco de inversiones grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment bank nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (finance: purchases and sells shares) banco de inversin loc nom mlocucin nominal masculina: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como sustantivo masculino ("ojo de buey", "agua mala"). banco de inversiones loc nom mlocucin nominal masculina: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como sustantivo masculino ("ojo de buey", "agua mala"). investment banking banca de inversiones grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment broker agente de inversiones grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment casting (Metallurgy)(metalurgia) moldeado por inversin loc nom mlocucin nominal masculina: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como sustantivo masculino ("ojo de buey", "agua mala"). investment casting (Metallurgy)(metalurgia) moldeo por inversin loc nom mlocucin nominal masculina: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como sustantivo masculino ("ojo de buey", "agua mala"). investment company compaa inversora nf + adj investment company nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (holds securities for investment) sociedad de inversin loc nom flocucin nominal femenina: Unidad lxica estable formada de dos o ms palabras que funciona como sustantivo femenino ("casa de citas", "zona cero", "arma secreta"). Investment Consultant nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (financial advisor) consultor financiero grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment credit crdito de inversin grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). Investment Manager nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (financial advisor) asesor financiero grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment securities inversiones en valores grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). investment trust fondo de inversin grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). inward investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. inversin extranjera nf + adj permanent investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (finance: long-term funding) inversin permanente nf + adj mf return on investment nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. (profit) rentabilidad de inversin grupo nomgrupo nominal: Expresin que combina un sustantivo con sus modificadores y complementos, que forman una expresin compuesta usual, sin llegar a ser una locucin nominal fija ("adjudicacin de herencia", "despedida de soltero"). This is the best way to maximize your return on investment. Esta es la mejor forma de maximizar la rentabilidad de su inversin.

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investment - English-Spanish Dictionary - WordReference.com

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The wise man reads both books and life itself. ~Lin Yutang

I often get asked which self help books Id recommend to read. I think everybody has a book or two that had a profound influence on his/her way of life. Some books were a great help on the path of personal growth and some were even life-changing. I personally read hundreds of self help books in the past and this is my list of 10 books I would recommend to everybody without a second thought. So here is my personal Top 10 list of the best self help books in reverse order

#10 The 4 Hour Workweek by Timothy Ferriss

A really new kind of thinking about where you invest your time and what is the most effective way to do it. Even if you dont manage to only work for 4 hours a week (who really wants that anyway?), the ideas from Tim Ferris could make it possible. Get The 4 Hour Workweek on Amazon

#9 Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity by David Allen

One of the best productivity books. It is a complete system for using your time most efficiently and especially there where it matters most for you. Get Getting Things Done on Amazon

#8 The Art of Happiness by The Dalai Lama

A great and complete guide to happiness in life by The Dalai Lama ( my review). It focusses on worldly factors like wealth and satisfaction as well as spiritual parts. Get The Art of Happiness on Amazon

#7 Good To Great by Jim Collins

Another success book and especially one if you want to build a great business. I really enjoyed this book which is based on examining companies that made it from decent to really outstanding. Get Good to Great on Amazon

#6 The Road Less Traveled by M. Scott Peck

This is about A New Psychology of Love, Traditional Values, and Spiritual Growth. Get The Road Less Traveled on Amazon

#5 Mans Search for Meaning by Viktor E. Frankl

Psychiatrist Viktor Frankls memoir has riveted generations of readers with its descriptions of life in Nazi death camps and its lessons for spiritual survival. Get Mans Search for Meaning on Amazon

#4 How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie

For more than sixty years the rock-solid, time-tested advice in this book has carried thousands of now famous people up the ladder of success in their business and personal lives. Get How to Win Friends and Influence People on Amazon

by Napoleon Hill

Napolean Hills classic book from 1930 is of course a book about money. But at its core its also a personal developmment book that can help you to develop a mindset of success and personal achievement.

What you will learn: While the title says that the goal is to become rich, it actually teaches a lot about what is now known as The Law of Attraction: thoughts become things. What and how you think continiously is what you draw into your life. The book is based on 500 interviews of super-successful people of that time.

Why I recommend it: Whether we like it or not, money is an important part in our life. It helps to get educated in that area and build a mindset so that money is not a limiting factor in our life. For me this book opened a lot of new thinking strategies, which not only helped in reaching my financial freedom.

Get Think and Grow Rich on Amazon (Kindle Edition, Audio Book)

by Stephen R. Covey

The 7 Habits is an outstanding book to build positive habits that really improve your life. It is like a framework for success and for building character and integrity, with Stephen Covey being the exceptional personality who really walked his talk.

What you will learn: The book has two parts: private victory and public victory. In the first part, the private victory of the 7 Habits, youll learn the 3 habits to personal effectiveness: Proactivity, Begin with the end in mind, First things first. In the second part, the public victory, youll learn the qualities to be effective with other people: Think win-win, Understanding others, Synergize. The last of the 7 habits is Personal Renewal. You also learn a lot about personal vision, goals, time-management and communication.

Why I recommend it: The 7 Habits are not just 7 random tips to improve your life, it is a complete system reduced to the essence of effectiveness. It comes from deep understanding and from the willingness to believe and seek the good in everyone and everything. It is a source to start with the man in the mirror and then to go on to build a better world.

Get The 7 Habits on Amazon (Kindle Edition, Audio Book)

by Eckhart Tolle

If I could recommend only one self help book, The Power of Now would be it. This is one of those life-changing books that can turn your world upside down.

What you will learn: The Power of Now is really a spiritual book. If you let it, it can connect you with yourself beyond your name, character, roles or body. You will learn to feel and trust your deeper sense of self again. Most importantly if helps you to be more alive and to center your consciousness in the present moment The Now. The subtitle is A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment and thats what is really all about. The first chapter teaches you that You Are Not Your Mind. And this is also the credo in order to really understand the book, which contains not just intellectual knowledge but also real transformational power.

Why I recommend it: The Power of Now had a huge positive impact on my life. While I was always drawn to spiritual books seeking for the truth of what is, I never glimpsed the actual experience of spirituality. Spiritual awakening, as Eckhart Tolle writes himself in the book, is not some super-human accomplishment but simple the felt oneness with being. Unfortunately our own ego and mind chatter gets in our way in order to really feel this oneness. The present moment, or The Now as Tolle calls it, is the entry point into this realization. Oprah Winfrey recommended the book as well.

If you havent read The Power of Nowyet, start with the first chapter here on this site and dive into this life changing book from Eckhart Tolle. You can read my in-depthReview of The Power of Nowhere.

Get The Power of Now on Amazon (Kindle Edition, Audio Book)

Those were my 10 recommendations for self help books. I would love to hear in the comments which books you would recommend and which had a positive influence on your life!

Read the rest here:
The 10 Best Self Help Books You Have to Read Before You Die

Remember the beneficial effects of healthy diet and regular exercise. Women who exercise and follow a healthy diet cope better with menopausal changes and also help protect themselves against other diseases such as heart disease and osteoporosis.

A healthy diet should include 5 portions of fruit/vegetables per day. Try to include unrefined foods as much as possible, rather than refined convenience foods. Take high fat and sugar containing foods in moderation and dont take too much caffeine or alcohol. Being overweight has been shown to worsen flushes and increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Losing weight has been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer (see news item). Try to maintain a healthy Body Mass Index (BMI). Excess caffeine and alcohol not only worsen flushes but also increase the risk of osteoporosis.

Exercise We should all make exercise a priority and build it into our daily routine. Regular exercise not only helps with weight loss but also reduces flushes (SEE AlSO: Menopause News - exercise is good), reduces the risk of heart disease and weight bearing exercise reduces the risk of osteoporosis. Increasing exercise has also been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer (see news items from 2006 and 2010). Many women join a gym for the first time in their 50s, which works for some but you dont have to - brisk walking is a great form of exercise and is free!

Smoking Women who smoke have an earlier menopause than non-smokers, have worse flushes and often don't respond as well to tablet form of HRT. Its never too late to stop smoking!

Use this time in your life to start living a better healthier life.

Vitamins and minerals

Most women taking a healthy well balanced diet obtain sufficient vitamins and minerals required and do not need to take supplements. However many women nowadays have hectic lifestyles and do not always get everything they need from their diets on a daily basis, this is especially true when women are trying to lose weight, perhaps avoiding some essentials in their diets. Some vegetarians can also be at risk of not obtaining enough nutrients in their diets. Some of our Western World diets are deficient in some minerals not just because we do not eat the right foods, but also because the food growing techniques mean that the food may not be as good quality as it used to be.

VITAMINS

Vitamin A is needed for a healthy immune system but a lack of it is unlikely to affect most healthy menopausal women. However it is one of the Vitamins that can be harmful in excess doses especially in women of childbearing age

Vitamin B group. Most women following a Western diet are unlikely to be deficient in this group of Vitamins as they are added to flour (fortified). Certain B vitamins are more likely to be difficult to obtain from dietary sources, such as Vitamin B5 and Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). Supplementation of vitamin B6 has been recommended for women who suffer from Premenstrual syndrome. Vitamin B6 may have a role in the prevention of heart disease by lowering harmful homocysteine levels, which are associated with heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis and Alzheimers disease.

Vitamin C. Deficiency of Vitamin C is unlikely in a balanced diet containing fruit and vegetables. It is more likely in smokers and those not eating fresh produce. Some believe that it can fight off colds and flu in high doses. It works as an anti-oxidant.

Vitamin D. Vitamin D is required to maintain bone health. It helps the body absorb calcium and is made in the skin due to sunlight action. Lack of sunlight due to poor climate, people being housebound, or being covered up when outside, often leads to lack of vitamin D, particularly in the elderly. Dietary sources include oily fish, dairy products and margarine and 2 main course portions of oily fish per week are recommended.

Vitamin E may have a protective effect against heart disease and supplementation is recommended. It has been found to reduce the number of non-fatal heart attacks, but not fatal ones. A dose of 400-800 iu is suggested. Some women find that high dose Vitamin E helps with night flushes. It is also known for its beneficial effects on skin and hair.

MINERALS

Calcium. During the menopause, an adequate daily calcium intake is especially important to help protect and maintain bone density as bone loss accelerates. See below for recommended intakes at different stages of life and calcium content in foods. Supplements of Calcium and Vitamin D can be taken if the recommended amount is not achieved but the body copes best with a dietary source of calcium.

Calcium calculator. You can find a daily dietary calcium calculator here and see more information below about dietary calcium.

Phosphorus is a necessary nutrient and typical diets are unlikely to be deficient.

Magnesium supplements of at least 250 mg per day may help prevent bone loss. Lack of it has a possible role inpremenstrual syndromeand ME.

Iron deficiency is relatively common in women still having periods, vegetarians and pregnant women. It is not recommended to take excess supplements of iron unless the deficiency is proven.

Zinc helps with skin repair and damage and also promotes a healthy immune system. The dose should be small to prevent any overdose of the substance. Copper supplements should be taken along with the zinc.

Copper. Small doses of copper can possibly prevent bone loss.

Manganese. A highly processed diet of convenience food could result in low levels of manganese intake. Iron and manganese are best taken together.

Selenium. Supplements of selenium have been associated with a reduction in cancers. Higher amounts of selenium than are available in the diet may be necessary for this protective effect.

Taking a balanced, healthy diet will provide the vitamins and minerals required and is the best way to stay healthy but some women choose to take a supplement, of which many are available.

Why do we need calcium?

calcium is a nutrient that we know has an important role to play in the maintenance of bone health. This Information Sheet contains a selection of calcium rich foods, which, as part of a well balanced diet, may contribute towards an adequate intake.

How much calcium do I need?

The Governments Committee on the Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA), now replaced by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, sets recommended levels for nutrient intake (Reference Nutrient Intakes) for the UK population. The lower reference nutrient intake (LRNI) for calcium is 400 mg and the RNI is 700 mg for adults. This means that your calcium intake must be over 400 mg and it is recommended that your intake be above 700 mg to be compatible with bone health in the normal population, as based on current evidence. There is inconclusive evidence that more calcium may be needed but further research is necessary.

If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis, you may need to boost your calcium levels to approximately 1200 mg for adults and consequently may be given a calcium supplement with your treatment. In the trials that have shown bisphosphonates to reduce fractures, the calcium supplementation used was 500 - 1000 mg. Therefore, extra calcium may be taken as part of the diet or as a supplement but the upper limit must not be exceeded.

Can I have too much calcium?

It is recommended that you do not exceed more than 2000 - 2500 mg of calcium a day. Exceeding the upper limit of 2000 - 2500 mg calcium could lead to medical problems including milk alkali syndrome (a high level of calcium in the blood) and may interfere with the absorption of other minerals such as iron.

Does it matter if I do not meet the exact daily amount?

It is important to remember that calcium intake should be looked at over a period of monthly intake rather than daily. A low calcium intake on one day, when most days you achieve more, will not have a detrimental effect on your bone density.

Do I need to supplement my diet with any other nutrients?

Other nutrients and minerals are also important but a well balanced, mixed diet including fresh fruit, vegetables, adequate protein and carbohydrate foods should contain sufficient amounts of the necessary nutrients. Some individuals may feel that they are not obtaining the calcium they need from their diet and there is no way that this can realistically be achieved. In such cases, supplemental calcium may be useful. Your local pharmacist is often an excellent source of information on over the counter products. There is evidence that older people can benefit from supplemental calcium and vitamin D and this is a useful treatment for osteoporosis in this age group.

What else can affect my risk of osteoporosis?

Dietary issues are just one of a variety of important components, which together, can influence an individuals osteoporosis risk. These include exercise levels, hormonal status, corticosteroid use, body stature, strong family history and previous minimal trauma fracture.

General advice to anyone who wishes to minimise the effects of osteoporosis includes taking a well balanced, calcium rich diet, avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol intake and taking regular weight bearing exercise.

Further details on diet and bone health can be obtained in a booklet available from the National Osteoporosis Society, Camerton, Bath BA2 0PJ Telephone number 01761 471771. Website: http://www.nos.org.uk

Food

Quantity

Mg of calcium

Food

Quantity

Mg of calcium

* may be calcium enriched ** different products vary considerably

Please note, the calcium contents (with the exception of milk and bread), have been calculated per 100 g and are therefore not portion size. This has been done to make comparisons between various foods easier.

Ref: Information provided courtesy of The Royal Society of Chemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Food publication "The Composition of Foods" 1992.

Reproduced with permission from National Osteoporosis Society

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Diet. Exercise. Calcium : Menopause Matters